In a measure that epitomized the spirit of the Enlightenment,
Catherine convened the Legislative Commission, whose mission
was to draw up a new code of laws. Except for 28 appointed
members, the 564 delegates were elected from among the ranks
of nobility, townsmen, state peasants, Cossacks, and national
minorities. The empress’s instructions, or Nakaz, to
the delegates were so filled with liberal ideas, such as liberty
and equality, that they were forbidden publication in France.
While the commission provided much-needed information on the
state of the empire, it failed to produce a code of laws, its
original purpose, since its work was cut short by the war with
Turkey in 1768.