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With widespread dissatisfaction over the reign of Peter III
(r. 1761–62), Catherine saw her opportunity to fulfill
her dream of becoming ruler of Russia. Self-preservation added
to her ambition, since her estranged husband had threatened
to divorce her and send her to a convent. When one of her conspirators
was arrested, she decided to act. With the help of the Orlov
brothers, one of whom was her lover, she secured the allegiance
of the long-established guards regiments. She then visited
key areas in St. Petersburg and received the support of elite
and commoners alike. A forceful accession manifesto portrayed
her as Russia’s savior from Peter’s malfeasances.
The emperor timidly abdicated.
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