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Russia Engages the World, 1453-1825
1453 Through the Reign of Ivan the Terrible (1533-1584) The Time of Troubles to the First Romanovs (1598-1682) Peter the Great and His Legacy (1682-1762) The Age of Catherine the Great (1762-1801) The Reign of Emperor Alexander I (1801-1825)

                                     

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Russia's Globalization:
A Key

Events marked Russia Symbol are specific to Muscovy/Russia's internal development.
Those marked World Symbol are important world historical or cultural events.
Engagement Symbol indicates specific points of sociocultural or military engagement between Muscovy/Russia and foreign powers or individuals.


Russia Symbol   Burdens of Engagement
    Burdens of Engagement
NYPL, Slavic and Baltic Division
Engagement Symbol   Russians Visit the South Pacific
    Russians Visit the South Pacific
NYPL, General Research Division
Engagement Symbol   France Capitulates
    France Capitulates
NYPL, Slavic and Baltic Division

Engagement Symbol   Russia’s “Hordes” Take Paris
    Russia’s “Hordes” Take Paris
NYPL, Spencer Collection
Engagement Symbol   A Romantic English View of the “Northern Venice”
    A Romantic English View of the “Northern Venice”
NYPL, General Research Division

Engagement Symbol   Napoleon’s Nightmare
    Napoleon’s Nightmare
NYPL, Slavic and Baltic Division
Russians Visit the South Pacific
Photographic Services & Permissions
Engagement Symbol  Russians Visit the South Pacific


Georg Heinrich von Langsdorff (1774–1852)
Voyages and Travels in Various Parts of the World, during the years 1803, 1804, 1805, 1806, and 1807
London: H. Colburn, 1813–1814
NYPL, General Research Division

A physician and naturalist, Georg Heinrich von Langsdorff left the University of Göttingen to join the first Russian circumnavigation of the world, organized and led by Adam Johann von Krusenstern (in Russian, Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern, 1770–1846), a Baltic German nobleman from the province of Estland (present-day Estonia). Like other explorers, von Langsdorff was struck by the practice of tattooing, which was widespread in the South Sea islands. He regarded tattooing as a substitute for clothing, and the complex symmetrical tattoos as the natives’ counterpart to expensive clothing in Europe.