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Russia Engages the World, 1453-1825
1453 Through the Reign of Ivan the Terrible (1533-1584) The Time of Troubles to the First Romanovs (1598-1682) Peter the Great and His Legacy (1682-1762) The Age of Catherine the Great (1762-1801) The Reign of Emperor Alexander I (1801-1825)

                                     

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Russia's Globalization:
A Key

Events marked Russia Symbol are specific to Muscovy/Russia's internal development.
Those marked World Symbol are important world historical or cultural events.
Engagement Symbol indicates specific points of sociocultural or military engagement between Muscovy/Russia and foreign powers or individuals.


Russians Learn the Art of French Fortifications
Engagement Symbol   Russian Conquests, 1734: A German Depiction
    Russian Conquests, 1734: A German Depiction
NYPL, Slavic and Baltic Division
Russia Symbol   Peter’s Triumph
    Peter’s Triumph
NYPL, Map Division
Russia Symbol   A Mature Peter
    A Mature Peter
Slavic and Baltic Division

Engagement Symbol   Russians Learn the Art of French Fortifications
    Russians Learn the Art of French Fortifications
NYPL, Slavic and Baltic Division

World Symbol   Mapping Muslim Kingdoms
    Mapping Muslim Kingdoms
NYPL, Map Division

World Symbol   India’s Mughal Treasure-House
    India’s Mughal Treasure-House
NYPL, General Research Division
 Photographic Services & Permissions

Engagement Symbol  Russians Learn the Art of French Fortifications

François Blondel (1618–1686)
Novaia manera, ukrepleniiu gorodov [The New Manner of Fortifying Cities]
Moscow: [Pechatnyi Dvor], 1711
NYPL, Slavic and Baltic Division

As a youth, Peter received much of his education from the men of the foreign quarter in Moscow. They taught him military and naval arts and convinced the future tsar that Russia lagged behind the other countries of Europe in this area and that it was his mission to end that backwardness. This task required the translation of the latest foreign treatises on all aspects of warfare. This copper-engraved frontispiece, for a text originally published in France, depicts Pallas Athena, surrounded by the accoutrements of modern warfare – calipers, a T square, maps, etc. – with a classical encampment in the background.