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In 1805, Admiral Horatio Nelson (1758–1805), victorious
at Trafalgar, secured English control of the Mediterranean
and the Atlantic Ocean. In response, Napoleon imposed the Continental
Blockade – an embargo on all trade with Europe. Russia’s
failure to abide by it was one factor in Napoleon's invasion
of Russia. Napoleon’s humiliating defeat there in 1812
marked the beginning of his ultimate defeat.
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