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Boris Godunov (r. 1598–1605), a boyar of Mongol descent,
achieved prominence when his sister married the weak Tsar Fedor
(r. 1584–98), and Godunov became the de facto ruler, presiding
over his own court and gaining popularity for his wise measures.
He was thus elected tsar by a zemskii sobor in 1598 after the
death of Fedor. However, his paranoia, insecurity, and failure
to save the state from the famine of 1601, coupled with rumors
that he had murdered Fedor's half brother, Dmitrii of Uglich
(1582–1591), led to massive dissatisfaction and his overthrow
by the first False Dmitrii (ca. 1580–1606), an imposter
backed by Polish troops and disaffected Russians. As Dmitrii’s
forces neared Moscow in 1605, Godunov suddenly died of a heart
attack, but his story lived on in operas and plays, such as those
by the composer Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (1839–1881)
and by Russia's national poet, Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin (1799–1837).
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