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Russia Engages the World, 1453-1825
1453 Through the Reign of Ivan the Terrible (1533-1584) The Time of Troubles to the First Romanovs (1598-1682) Peter the Great and His Legacy (1682-1762) The Age of Catherine the Great (1762-1801) The Reign of Emperor Alexander I (1801-1825)
A Russian Ladder to Heaven

Russia Symbol
A Russian Ladder to Heaven
Saint John Climacus (ca. 525–600)
Lestnitsa [The Ladder of Divine Ascent]
Manuscript
Russia, 16th century
NYPL, Spencer Collection



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